• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2024-07-29

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusions These studies provide important mechanistic insights to explain the long-established physiological observation that obese adipose tissue has higher rates of basal lipolysis. Increased lipolysis contributes to increased hepatic kinesin

• Since natural and recombinant glycoprotein hormones exhibit

  2024-07-29

  

  Since natural and recombinant glycoprotein hormones exhibit some differences in their carbohydrate structures, we checked whether this could affect the permissive effect on FSK-induced cyclic AMP response in MLTC-1 cells. Fig. 6 shows that the same sensitizing effect to FSK is observed with pituitar

• Actin is capable of polymerizing

  2024-07-29

  

  Actin is capable of polymerizing spontaneously. However, this process is relatively slow and kinetically unfavorable in cells. Formation of AG014699 dimers and trimers, which can easily disassemble due to their instability, is a rate-determining step in actin polymerization [5], [6]. The shape and t

• br Introduction In myasthenia gravis

  2024-07-29

  

  Introduction In myasthenia gravis (MG), autoantibodies against the native AChR conformation cause loss of AChR at the neuromuscular junction and fatigable muscle weakness (Newsom-Davis et al., 1993). The AChR is a pentameric transmembrane protein, with two splice forms of the α-subunit, P3A− and

• It is well known that the thymus plays an

  2024-07-29

  

  It is well known that the thymus plays an important function in the complex pathogenesis and perpetuation of MG. We compared resistin levels between patients with MG with or without thymoma and found that those with thymoma had higher levels than those without thymoma. It has been previously recogni

• The zebrafish Danio rerio is a popular model organism

  2024-07-29

  

  The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism for virtually any biological function of vertebrates, and has, therefore, received a wide distribution in particular in developmental biology and toxicology (Strähle et al., 2012). With respect to AChE, the zebrafish has, e.g., been identified

• The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal HPA axis

  2024-07-29

  

  The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system that is central to regulating responses to stress (Palazidou, 2012). In older persons, a high dysfunction of the HPA axis is observed (Otte et al., 2005) which may be enhanced by stimulatory effects of genes involved in the axi

• br The cytochrome P enzyme hydroxylase

  2024-07-29

  

  The cytochrome P450 enzyme 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P450) is involved in the production of the C containing androgen precursors from the C containing steroids such as the pregnanes and progestins (). Steroids such as androstenedione (AD) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are therefore synthesi

• The exact etiology of BPH

  2024-07-29

  

  The exact etiology of BPH is not completely understood, however this pathology has been associated with elevated AS8351 levels of the androgen DHT (10). Thus, a valuable strategy in BHP treatment is the reduction of DHT (10) levels, by inhibiting its biosynthetic production [6], [8]. An important p

• The reductase activity in patients with OHD as

  2024-07-29

  

  The 5α-reductase activity in patients with 21-OHD, as assessed by the 5α-THF to 5β-THF (ratio 3) and by the 5α-17HP to 17HP (ratio 4) ratios, showed a similar pattern of activities (Fig. 2A–C) and significant correlations (ratio 1 vs. ratio 3; rs=0.67; pNepicastat HCl to the 5α-reducase activity, t

• At present the role of autophagy

  2024-07-29

  

  At present, the role of autophagy in neurons remains controversial. Autophagy has homeostatic and waste-recycling functions and plays a protective role in neurodegeneration diseases. Moreover, it has been thought as a programmed cell death participating in the occurrence and development of various d

• Acetazolamide mg br Acknowledgements Authors wish to thank S

  2024-07-29

  

  Acknowledgements Authors wish to thank Sabanci University (Turkey), Tubitak (Cost Eu-Ros, 113Z463), and the University of Turin (Italy) for supporting this work. Beyza Vurusaner is supported by Sabanci University Post-doctoral research scholarship. Introduction Endometriosis is defined as the

• br ACL Regulation and Role in

  2024-07-29

  

  ACL Regulation and Role in Lipid Metabolism ACL is a ubiquitous enzyme at the nexus of nutrient catabolism and synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. In mammals, it is highly expressed in lipogenic tissues including adipose, liver, and lactating mammary glands [9]. In the presence of ATP and C

• br Interaction between ASK and TRX Thioredoxins are small

  2024-07-26

  

  Interaction between ASK1 and TRX Thioredoxins are small (∼12kDa) dithiol oxidoreductases ubiquitously expressed in species ranging from plants to archaea and mammals. They perform various biological functions, such as reducing protein disulfide bonds, supplying reducing equivalents to redox beta

• The regulation of gene expression by

  2024-07-26

  

  The regulation of gene expression by glucocorticoids can be mediated either by the canonical mechanism that involves the interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcription factor activated by the hormone, with glucocorticoid response element (Ye et al., 2007), or by the non-canonical m

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