• It is well known that GPCR responsiveness desensitizes

  2022-02-01

  

  It is well known that GPCR responsiveness desensitizes after prolonged exposure to agonists through several mechanisms such as receptor phosphorylation, arrestin binding and internalization (Dhami and Ferguson, 2006). Therefore, in the present work we decided to study whether group I-mGluR signaling

• EAATs can transport glutamate aspartate cysteic acid

  2022-02-01

  

  EAATs can transport glutamate, aspartate, cysteic acid, and serine-o-sulfate (Bjorn-Yoshimoto and Underhill, 2016). All EAATs work as symporters co-transporting 2 or 3 molecules of Na+ and a proton with each molecule of glutamate (or aspartate). In addition, a K+ ion is counter-transported ending in

• The neurobiological mechanisms underlying DHK induced

  2022-02-01

  

  The neurobiological mechanisms underlying DHK-induced NOR learning and memory impairments remain unclear. Accumulated evidence shows that astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle is of crucial important in synaptic plasticity and memory formation, and regulation of neuronal gene expression related to synapt

• br Introduction Glucose is the major carbon source in

  2022-01-31

  

  Introduction Glucose is the major carbon source in most organisms. Cancer Aminoallyl-dUTP in particular require a steady source of energy to maintain growth and proliferation, and preferentially use glycolysis for their energy supply even under aerobic conditions. Glucose uptake in mammals is mai

• Many neutral and acidophilic galactosidases have been purifi

  2022-01-31

  

  Many neutral and acidophilic β-galactosidases have been purified from microorganisms [14], while only a few alkalophilic β-galactosidases have been reported [19]. An alkalophilic β-galactosidase, BGal_375, was obtained and researched for the characterization of its hydrolytic activity. BGal_375 show

• Target regulated the formation of G

  2022-01-31

  

  Target-regulated the formation of G-quadruplex was used here to “kill two jak inhibitor with one stone” for the detection of melamine and I− with one probe DNA. G-quadruplexes are higher-order structures formed from G-rich oligonucleotides through the stacking of planar G-tetrads [43,44]. They have

• Accordingly and in animal models a

  2022-01-31

  

  Accordingly and in animal models, a high-fat diet rich in CO (CO-HFD) impeded ventricular function and induced cardiac cell death and remodeling, at least, by down-regulating cell antioxidant defense systems and induction of oxidative stress [28], [29], [30], [31]. Interestingly, long chain fatty ac

• br Acknowledgments I thank Takeshi Sakaba

  2022-01-31

  

  Acknowledgments I thank Takeshi Sakaba for critical reading of the manuscript and helpful comments. This work was supported by JSPS/MEXT KAKENHI Grant Numbers 17K19466, 17H03548. Introduction The oral route of drug application is the main route in pharmacology since it is easy to handle and o

• epinephrine adrenaline br Discussion By using ultra deep

  2022-01-30

  

  Discussion By using ultra-deep sequencing, we conducted a thorough assessment of HCV-NS3 protease variants in chronic PI-naïve patients infected with HCV-1a and HCV-1b under telaprevir-based triple therapy at baseline and after 4weeks of treatment. Several synonymous and non-synonymous substituti

• Although it has been observed

  2022-01-30

  

  Although it has been observed in numerous studies and by many investigators that intraplatelet cGMP elevation results in platelet inhibition, there are a few papers which proposed a platelet stimulatory role for cGMP when elevated in response to NO donors or PDE5 inhibitors in mouse and human platel

• CCG-1423 In conclusion GPR inhibits and GPR

  2022-01-30

  

  In conclusion, GPR120 inhibits and GPR40 enhances the cell motile activity stimulated by TPA in melanoma cells, while MMP-9 activation was reduced by GPR40. In contrast, GPR40 negatively regulated cellular functions of fibrosarcoma CCG-1423 [11]. Taken together, it is suggested that opposite effect

• Even though for almost years GnRH was considered

  2022-01-30

  

  Even though for almost 30 years GnRH was considered the main neuropeptide regulating gonadotropin release in vertebrates, Tsutsui et al. (2000) discovered, in the Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica, a hypothalamic neuropeptide that directly inhibits gonadotropin release, and thus named as gonadotropi

• br Although D reconstruction of an

  2022-01-30

  

  Although 3D reconstruction of an invertebrate gap junction channel from native tissue of crayfish was reported in 1991, the negative-staining EM imaging was limited to low-resolution structural analysis [39]. The oligomeric number of innexin channels was believed to be the same as that in connexin

• The improved glucose tolerance of Ffar R

  2022-01-30

  

  The improved glucose tolerance of Ffar1R258W/R258W mice on HFD was unexpected. In combination with similar fasting blood glucose levels, the significant lower fasting plasma insulin of mutant mice compared to wild-type mice is indicative of improved insulin sensitivity. However, peripheral insulin r

• br Materials and methods br Results and discussion In

  2022-01-30

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion In order to identify genes required for photoautotrophic growth, we screened a random insertion mutant library of Synechocystis 6803 and obtained many mutants with impaired photoautotrophic growth. About 6000 random insertion colonies of the mutant

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